See U.S. Treasury bills.
See U.S. Treasury bills.
An official pronouncement by the Financial Accounting Standards Board that involves a previously issued FASB Standard. FASB Interpretations are part of the generally accepted accounting principles.
What is par value? Definition of Par Value Par value is a per share amount that will appear on some stock certificates and in the corporation’s articles of incorporation. (Some states may require a corporation to have...
The result after subtracting the income tax associated with a given amount. For example, if a corporation has a gain of $100,000 before tax, and its income tax rate is 30%, its after-tax gain is $70,000. If a corporation...
In the EOQ model, the holding costs are the incremental costs of storing or holding an item in inventory for one year.
A dollar adjusted for inflation. If an asset such as land was purchased for $10,000 many years ago when the consumer price index (CPI) was 100 and today the CPI is 400, today’s constant-dollar amount would be...
A person or business that has a checking account or savings account at a bank.
A simple form of business where there is one owner. Legally the owner and the sole proprietorship are the same. However, for accounting purposes the economic entity assumption results in the sole proprietorship’s...
Magnetic ink character recognition.
The type of stock that is present at every corporation. (Some corporations have preferred stock in addition to their common stock.) Shares of common stock provide evidence of ownership in a corporation. Holders of common...
This is the period of time that it will be economically feasible to use an asset. Useful life is used in computing depreciation on an asset, instead of using the physical life. For example, a computer might physically...
Cash received. Receipts are different from revenues.
A class of corporation stock that provides for preferential treatment over the holders of common stock in the case of liquidation and dividends. For example, the preferred stockholders will be paid dividends before the...
An expense reported on the income statement that did not require the use of cash during the period shown in the heading of the income statement. The typical example is depreciation expense. Also, the write-down of an...
See fixed expenses.
The amount in a bank account according to the bank’s records.
A lender such as a bank who has placed a lien on a borrower’s assets. As a result, the lender has collateral until the loan amount is repaid.
See Explanation of Financial Ratios.
A product that emerges with other products in a common process; however, this product does not have a significant value. (If it had significant value, it would be a joint product.)
See net realizable value.
Operating expenses made to return an asset to its previous condition (rather than to make the asset more than it was originally). The amount is charged to an account such as Repairs and Maintenance Expense in the period...
A loan having the security of a lien on the borrower’s real estate.
The best fitting line through a series of points as determined by the least-squares method.
The gross purchases of merchandise for resale minus purchase returns, purchase allowances, and purchase discounts.
A book of original entry that requires that both the account being debited and the account being credited be listed along with the respective amounts. Because of accounting software and special journals there are...
The collection of money (currency, coins, checks). Not to be confused with revenues.
See American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.
See interest revenues.
A difference between an actual cost and a budgeted or standard cost, and the actual cost is the lesser amount. In the case of revenues, a favorable variance occurs when the actual revenues are greater than the budgeted...
A lender or supplier who is owed money but does not have a lien on any of the assets of the company that owes the money. If the company that owes the money is liquidated, the unsecured lender receives money only after...
See direct materials usage variance. To learn more, see Explanation of Standard Costing.
Also referred to as manufacturing overhead, indirect manufacturing costs, factory burden, and manufacturing support costs. To learn more, see Explanation of Manufacturing Overhead.
Future amounts that have been discounted to the present.
A phrase used in depreciation and amortization to indicate that the expense is being allocated on a logical basis (because a cause and effect relationship does not exist).
The balance in a business record such as a general ledger account.
In financial accounting this term often refers to the accounting guidelines or principles of conservatism and materiality.
A company’s receipts that appear on the company’s records but do not yet appear on the bank statement. For example, a retail store’s receipts of March 31 are deposited after banking hours on March 31 or...
See net realizable value.
A non-operating or “other” reduction in net income resulting from a judgment against the company. It is shown in the accounting period when the amount is determined to be probable and the amount can be...
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